Which of the following scenarios indicates a need for a clinical swallow evaluation?

The scenario that demonstrates a clear need for a clinical swallow evaluation involves a patient who has aspiration confirmed by a videofluoroscopic swallow study. Aspiration occurs when food, liquid, or other substances enter the airway instead of properly swallowing down the esophagus. Confirmed aspiration is a significant indicator that a patient may have impaired swallowing function, which can lead to serious complications such as choking, respiratory infections, or pneumonia.

A clinical swallow evaluation is necessary in this context to assess the safety and efficacy of the swallow, identify any swallowing difficulties the patient may be experiencing, and to develop a tailored intervention plan. This assessment can include further instrumental evaluations and modifications to the diet or swallowing techniques to ensure that the patient can eat safely.

In contrast, if a patient has successfully eaten solid foods for a period without issues, has no swallowing problems, or is able to communicate verbally, there is typically no immediate concern that requires a clinical swallow evaluation. These scenarios suggest that the patient is functioning well in terms of swallow safety and efficiency, which reduces the urgency for further evaluation.